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Compare West Bank (2005) - Montenegro (2006)

Compare West Bank (2005) z Montenegro (2006)

 West Bank (2005)Montenegro (2006)
 West BankMontenegro
Administrative divisions - 21 municipalities (opstini, singular - opstina); Andrijevia, Bar, Berane, Bijelo Polje, Budva, Cetinje, Danilovgrad, Herceg Novi, Kolasin, Kotor, Mojkovac, Niksic, Plav, Pluzine, Pljevlja, Podgornica, Rozaje, Savnik, Tivat, Ulcinj, Zabljak
Age structure 0-14 years: 43.4% (male 530,197/female 504,794)


15-64 years: 53.2% (male 649,610/female 619,335)


65 years and over: 3.4% (male 34,803/female 46,876) (2005 est.)
-
Agriculture - products olives, citrus, vegetables; beef, dairy products grains, tobacco, potatoes, citrus fruits, olives, grapes; sheepherding; commercial fishing negligible
Airports 3 (2004 est.) 5 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways total: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Area total: 5,860 sq km


land: 5,640 sq km


water: 220 sq km


note: includes West Bank, Latrun Salient, and the northwest quarter of the Dead Sea, but excludes Mt. Scopus; East Jerusalem and Jerusalem No Man's Land are also included only as a means of depicting the entire area occupied by Israel in 1967
total: 14,026 sq km


land: 13,812 sq km


water: 214 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Delaware slightly smaller than Connecticut
Background The Israel-PLO Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements (the DOP), signed in Washington on 13 September 1993, provided for a transitional period not exceeding five years of Palestinian interim self-government in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. Under the DOP, Israel agreed to transfer certain powers and responsibilities to the Palestinian Authority, which includes the Palestinian Legislative Council elected in January 1996, as part of the interim self-governing arrangements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. A transfer of powers and responsibilities for the Gaza Strip and Jericho took place pursuant to the Israel-PLO 4 May 1994 Cairo Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area and in additional areas of the West Bank pursuant to the Israel-PLO 28 September 1995 Interim Agreement, the Israel-PLO 15 January 1997 Protocol Concerning Redeployment in Hebron, the Israel-PLO 23 October 1998 Wye River Memorandum, and the 4 September 1999 Sharm el-Sheikh Agreement. The DOP provides that Israel will retain responsibility during the transitional period for external and internal security and for public order of settlements and Israeli citizens. Direct negotiations to determine the permanent status of Gaza and West Bank that began in September 1999 after a three-year hiatus, were derailed by a second intifadah that broke out in September 2000. The resulting widespread violence in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, Israel's military response, and instability within the Palestinian Authority continue to undermine progress toward a permanent agreement. Following the death of longtime Palestinian leader Yasir ARAFAT in November 2004, the election of his successor Mahmud ABBAS in January 2005 could bring a turning point in the conflict. The use of the name Montenegro began in the 15th century when the Crnojevic dynasty began to rule the Serbian principality of Zeta; over subsequent centuries it was able to maintain its independence from the Ottoman Empire. From the 16th to 19th centuries, Montenegro became a theocratic state ruled by a series of bishop princes; in 1852, it was transformed into a secular principality. After World War I, Montenegro was part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and, at the conclusion of World War II, it became a constituent republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. When the latter dissolved in 1992, Montenegro federated with Serbia, first as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and, after 2003, in a looser union of Serbia and Montenegro. Following a three-year postponement, Montenegro held an independence referendum in the spring of 2006 under rules set by the EU. The vote for severing ties with Serbia exceeded the 55% threshold, allowing Montenegro to formally declare its independence on 3 June 2006.
Birth rate 32.37 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 12.6 births/1,000 population (2004)
Budget revenues: $676.6 million


expenditures: $1.155 billion, including capital expenditures of NA; note - these budget data include Gaza Strip (2003)
revenues: NA


expenditures: NA
Capital - name: Podgorica (administrative capital)


geographic coordinates: 42 26 N, 19 16 E


time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1 hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October


note: Cetinje (capital city)
Climate temperate; temperature and precipitation vary with altitude, warm to hot summers, cool to mild winters Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 293.5 km
Constitution - 12 October 1992 (was approved by the Assembly)
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: West Bank
conventional long form: Republic of Montenegro


conventional short form: Montenegro


local long form: Republika Crna Gora


local short form: Crna Gora


former: People's Republic of Montenegro, Socialist Republic of Montenegro
Death rate 3.99 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 9.2 deaths/1,000 population (2004)
Debt - external $108 million (includes Gaza Strip) (1997 est.) NA
Diplomatic representation in the US - chief of mission: Ambassador Miodrag VLAHOVIC
Disputes - international West Bank and Gaza Strip are Israeli-occupied with current status subject to the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement - permanent status to be determined through further negotiation; Israel continues construction of a "seam line" separation barrier along parts of the Green Line and within the West Bank; Israel announced its intention to pull out settlers and withdraw from four settlements in the northern West Bank in 2005; since 1948, about 350 peacekeepers from the UN Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO), headquartered in Jerusalem, monitor ceasefires, supervise armistice agreements, prevent isolated incidents from escalating, and assist other UN personnel in the region ethnic Albanians in Kosovo refuse demarcation of the boundary with Macedonia in accordance with the 2000 Macedonia-Serbia and Montenegro delimitation agreement, which includes a section of boundary with Montenegro
Economic aid - recipient $2 billion (includes Gaza Strip) (2004 est.) NA
Economy - overview The West Bank - the larger of the two areas under the Palestine Authority - has experienced a general decline in economic growth and a degradation in economic conditions made worse since the second intifadah began in September 2000. The downturn has been largely the result of the Israeli closure policies - the imposition of border closures in response to security incidents in Israel - which disrupted labor and commodity market relationships. In 2001, and even more severely in 2002, Israeli military measures in Palestine Authority areas resulted in the destruction of much capital plant, the disruption of administrative structure, and widespread business closures. Including the Gaza Strip, the UN estimates that more than 100,000 Palestinians out of the 125,000 who used to work in Israeli settlements, or in joint industrial zones, have lost their jobs. International aid of $2 billion to the West Bank and Gaza strip in 2004 prevented the complete collapse of the economy and allowed some reforms in the government's financial operations. Meanwhile, unemployment has continued at more than half the labor force. ARAFAT's death in 2004 leaves open more political options that could affect the economy. The republic of Montenegro severed its economy from federal control and from Serbia during the MILOSEVIC era and continues to maintain its own central bank, uses the euro instead of the Yugoslav dinar as official currency, collects customs tariffs, and manages its own budget. The dissolution of the loose political union between Serbia and Montenegro in 2006 led to separate membership in several international financial institutions, such as the IMF, World Bank, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Montenegro is pursuing its own membership in the World Trade Organization as well as negotiating a Stabilization and Association agreement with the European Union in anticipation of eventual membership. Severe unemployment remains a key political and economic problem for this entire region. Montenegro has privatized its large aluminum complex - the dominant industry - as well as most of its financial sector, and has begun to attract foreign direct investment in the tourism sector.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh NA
Electricity - imports NA kWh -
Electricity - production NA kWh; note - most electricity imported from Israel; East Jerusalem Electric Company buys and distributes electricity to Palestinians in East Jerusalem and its concession in the West Bank; the Israel Electric Company directly supplies electricity to most Jewish residents and military facilities; some Palestinian municipalities, such as Nablus and Janin, generate their own electricity from small power plants 2.864 billion kWh 2.864 billion kWh (2005 est.)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Dead Sea -408 m


highest point: Tall Asur 1,022 m
lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m


highest point: Bobotov Kuk 2,522 m
Environment - current issues adequacy of fresh water supply; sewage treatment pollution of coastal waters from sewage outlets, especially in tourist-related areas such as Kotor
Ethnic groups Palestinian Arab and other 83%, Jewish 17% Montenegrin 43%, Serbian 32%, Bosniak 8%, Albanian 5%, other (Muslims, Croats, Roma) 12%
Exchange rates new Israeli shekels per US dollar - 4.482 (2004), 4.5541 (2003), 4.7378 (2002), 4.2057 (2001), 4.0773 (2000) euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8089 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)
Executive branch - chief of state: President Filip VUJANOVIC (since 11 May 2003)


head of government: Prime Minister Zeljko STURANOVIC (since 10 November 2006)


cabinet: Ministries act as cabinet


elections: president elected by direct vote for five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 11 May 2003 (next to be held in 2008); prime minister proposed by president, accepted by Assembly


election results: Filip VUJANOVIC elected on the third round; Filip VUJANOVIC 63.3%, Miodrag ZIVKOVIC 30.8%
Exports $205 million f.o.b., includes Gaza Strip (2002) $171.3 million (2003)
Exports - commodities olives, fruit, vegetables, limestone -
Exports - partners Israel, Jordan, Gaza Strip (2000) Switzerland 83.9%, Italy 6.1%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.3% (2003)
Fiscal year calendar year (since 1 January 1992) calendar year
Flag description - a red field bordered by a narrow golden-yellow stripe with the Montenegrin coat of arms centered
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 9%


industry: 28%


services: 63%


note: includes Gaza Strip (2002 est.)
agriculture: % NA


industry: % NA


services: % NA
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $800 (2003 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 6% (2003 est.) NA
Geographic coordinates 32 00 N, 35 15 E 42 30 N, 19 18 E
Geography - note landlocked; highlands are main recharge area for Israel's coastal aquifers; there are 244 West Bank settlements and 29 East Jerusalem settlements in addition to at least 20 occupied outposts (August 2003 est.) strategic location along the Adriatic coast
Highways total: 4,500 km


paved: 2,700 km


unpaved: 1,800 km


note: Israelis have developed many highways to service Jewish settlements (1997 est.)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
-
Imports $1.5 billion c.i.f., includes Gaza Strip (2002) $601.7 million (2003)
Imports - commodities food, consumer goods, construction materials -
Imports - partners Israel, Jordan, Gaza Strip (2000) Greece 10.2%, Italy 10.2%, Germany 9.6%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 9.2% (2003)
Independence - 3 June 2006 (from Serbia and Montenegro); note - a referendum on independence was held 21 May 2006
Industrial production growth rate NA -
Industries generally small family businesses that produce cement, textiles, soap, olive-wood carvings, and mother-of-pearl souvenirs; the Israelis have established some small-scale, modern industries in the settlements and industrial centers steelmaking, agricultural processing, consumer goods, tourism
Infant mortality rate total: 19.62 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 21.66 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 17.45 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
-
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.2% (includes Gaza Strip) (2001 est.) 3.4% (2004)
International organization participation - CEI, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, ICFTU, ILO, Interpol, IPU, ITU, OSCE, UN, UPU, WHO, WTO (observer)
Irrigated land NA sq km NA
Judicial branch - Constitutional Court (five judges with nine-year terms); Supreme Court (judges have life tenure)
Labor force 364,000 (2004) 259,100 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 15%, industry 25%, services 60% (2004 est.) agriculture: 2%


industry: 30%


services: 68% (2004)
Land boundaries total: 404 km


border countries: Israel 307 km, Jordan 97 km
total: 625 km


border countries: Albania 172 km, Bosnia and Herzegovina 225 km, Croatia 25 km, Serbia 203 km
Land use arable land: 16.9%


permanent crops: 18.97%


other: 64.13% (2001)
arable land: 13.7%


permanent crops: 1%


other: 85.3%
Languages Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by Israeli settlers and many Palestinians), English (widely understood) Serbian (Ijekavian dialect - official), Bosnian, Albanian, Croatian
Legal system - based on civil law system
Legislative branch - unicameral Assembly (81 seats, elected by direct vote for four-year terms; changed from 74 seats at the time of the elections)


elections: last held 10 September 2006 (next to be held 2010)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Coalition for a European Montenegro 41, SNS 12, Coalition SPP/NS/DSS 11, PZP 11, Liberals and Bosniaks 3, Democratic League-Democratic Prosperity 1, Democratic Union of Albanians 1, Albanian Alternative 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: 73.08 years


male: 71.33 years


female: 74.95 years (2005 est.)
-
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 91.9%


male: 96.3%


female: 87.4% (2003 est.)
-
Location Middle East, west of Jordan Southeastern Europe, between the Adriatic Sea and Serbia
Map references Middle East Europe
Maritime claims none (landlocked) NA
Merchant marine - total: 4 ships (1000 GRT or over) 9,458 GRT/10,172 DWT


by type: cargo 4


registered in other countries: 4 (Bahamas 2, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2) (2006)
Military - note - Montenegrin plans call for the establishment of a fully professional armed forces
Military expenditures - dollar figure NA $2.306 billion
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA -
National holiday - National Day, 13 July
Nationality noun: NA


adjective: NA
noun: Montenegrin(s)


adjective: Montenegrin
Natural hazards droughts destructive earthquakes
Natural resources arable land bauxite, hydroelectricity
Net migration rate 2.88 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) -
Political parties and leaders - Albanian Alternative or AA; Bosniak Party or BS [Rafet HUSOVIC]; Coalition for a European Montenegro (Democratic Party of Socialists or DPS and Social Democratic Party or SDP) [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Coalition SPP/NS/DSS; Democratic League-Party of Democratic Prosperity [Mehmet BARHDI]; Democratic Serbian Party of Montenegro or DSS; Democratic Union of Albanians or DUA [Ferhat DINOSA]; Liberal Party of Montenegro or LP [Miodrag ZIVKOVIC]; Movement for Changes or PZP [Nebojsa MEDOJEVIC]; People's Party of Montenegro or NS [Predrag POPOVIC]; Serbian People's Party of Montenegro or SNS [Andrija MANDIC]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Ranko KRIVOKAPIC]; Social Democratic Party of Montenegro or DPS [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Socialist People's Party or SNP [Predrag BULATOVIC]
Population 2,385,615


note: in addition, there are about 187,000 Israeli settlers in the West Bank and fewer than 177,000 in East Jerusalem (July 2004 est.)
630,548 (2004)
Population below poverty line 59% (2004 est.) 12.2% (2003)
Population growth rate 3.13% (2005 est.) 3.5% (2004)
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0


note: the Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation broadcasts from an AM station in Ramallah on 675 kHz; numerous local, private stations are reported to be in operation (2000)
31 (2004)
Railways - total: 250 km


standard gauge: 250 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified 169 km) (2005)
Religions Muslim 75% (predominantly Sunni), Jewish 17%, Christian and other 8% Orthodox, Muslim, Roman Catholic
Sex ratio at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female


total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
-
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: NA


note: Israeli company BEZEK and the Palestinian company PALTEL are responsible for communication services in the West Bank
general assessment: modern telecommunications system with access to European satellites


domestic: GSM wireless service, available through two providers with national coverage, is growing rapidly


international: country code - 382 (the old code of 381 used by Serbia and Montenegro will also remain in use until Feb 2007); two international switches connect the national system
Telephones - main lines in use 301,600 (total for West Bank and Gaza Strip) (2002) 177,663 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular 480,000 (cellular subscribers in both West Bank and Gaza Strip) (2003) 543,220 (2005)
Television broadcast stations NA 13 (2004)
Terrain mostly rugged dissected upland, some vegetation in west, but barren in east highly indented coastline with narrow coastal plain backed by rugged high limestone mountains and plateaus
Total fertility rate 4.4 children born/woman (2005 est.) -
Unemployment rate 27.2% (includes Gaza Strip) (2004 est.) 27.7% (2005)
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